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Twisted magnetic fields in space sculpt the jets of black holes and baby stars
Oscillating Magnetoresistance
Author(s): Charles Day
At low temperatures the resistance of a layered magnetic semiconductor shoots up and down in response to an increasing magnetic field.
[Physics 18, s14] Published Thu Jan 30, 2025
'Citizen Sleeper 2' drops tomorrow, and we can't wait to roll the dice on this epic space RPG (trailer)
Watch Earth and space in 4K with new 24/7 livestream from ISS (video)
SpaceX and Vast want ideas for science experiments on Dragon spacecraft and Haven-1 space station
I've found two great deals on a pair of Lego Star Wars sets featuring the iconic Tantive IV starship that complement each other perfectly
'SALLY' premieres at Sundance with Sally Ride's family, astronaut in audience
How did life's building blocks end up on dwarf planet Ceres?
Watch NASA astronauts Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore perform spacewalk outside the ISS today (video)
A southern target
Kfir Simon, taken from Tivoli Farm, Namibia RCW 85 is a faint emission nebula in the southern constellation of Centaurus. The designation “RCW” comes from a catalog of Hα emission regions published in 1960 by a trio of researchers working in Australia under the astronomer Bart Bok: Alexander Rodgers, Colin Campbell, and John Whiteoak. ThisContinue reading "A southern target"
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The Astronomy in Chile Educator Ambassadors Program: Sharing the skies above Chile
Chile is home to SOME of the world’s best skies — and some of the world’s most advanced instruments to observe them. From the radio telescope array charting complex chemistry in Titan’s atmosphere to the telescopes that pinpointed the neutron star merger last year, Chilean observatories play a starring role in today’s groundbreaking discoveries. ManyContinue reading "The Astronomy in Chile Educator Ambassadors Program: Sharing the skies above Chile"
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SpaceX Starlink satellite sparks brilliant fireball as it falls from space over US (videos)
NASA X-ray telescope Chandra discovers black holes 'blow' on their food to cool it down
SpaceX Falcon 9 launches next-gen SpainSat NG-1 satellite into orbit (video)
NASA finds key molecules for life in OSIRIS-REx asteroid samples. Here's what that means
Trump administration's funding freeze attempt could have stalled $1.2 billion in NASA spending
Astronaut Hall of Fame to honor Bernard Harris and Peggy Whitson in May
Localizing Light
Author(s): Charles Day
Simulations demonstrate that light can be confined within a scattering medium in a way similar to electrons in a disordered metal.
[Physics 18, s10] Published Wed Jan 29, 2025
NASA Jet Propulsion Lab opens doors after LA fires, helps firefighter helicopters refuel
January new moon 2025: The young moon visits Venus and Saturn
Earth-observing company Planet signs $230 million deal for fleet of new Pelican satellites
Warhammer 40,000 animation 'Astartes II' looks stunningly brutal in new trailer
Trump asks Elon Musk to return 2 Starliner astronauts from the ISS for NASA —but they already have a SpaceX ride home
Happy Lunar New Year 2025! Chinese astronauts send Year of the Snake greeting from Tiangong space station (video)
Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost lunar lander snaps its 1st photos of the moon (images)
India launches navigation satellite into orbit on nation's 1st mission of 2025
Satellites watch world's largest iceberg on crash course with Antarctic penguin island (photo/video)
Blue Origin scrubs landmark New Shepard moon-gravity launch due to weather, rocket glitch
'Star Trek: Section 31' goes back to Trek's 'space western' roots to tell a 'Clint Eastwood' story (exclusive)
Boom Supersonic XB-1 jet breaks sound barrier on historic test flight (video)
Quantum Learning Made Efficient
Author(s): Ryan Wilkinson
An algorithm allows the states of certain quantum systems to be determined from data more quickly than was previously possible.
[Physics 18, s17] Published Tue Jan 28, 2025
Astronomers discover 196-foot asteroid with 1-in-83 chance of hitting Earth in 2032
Newly discovered super-Earth orbits in and out of its star's habitable zone. Could life survive its extreme climate?
An interstellar visitor may have changed the course of 4 solar system planets, study suggests
'Star Wars: A New Legacy' celebrates 10 years of 'Star Wars' comics under the Marvel empire
A cosmic 'CT scan' shows the universe is far more complex than expected
James Webb Space Telescope's 'big sky images' issued on stamps in Big Sky, Montana
Gigantic 500,000-mile 'hole' in the sun's atmosphere aims aurora-sparking solar wind at Earth (photo)
Scientists find hints of the dark universe in 3D maps of the cosmos
Boom Supersonic to break sound barrier during historic test flight today: Watch live
What time is Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket 'moon gravity' launch? Here's how to watch live after a delay
Supermassive black holes in 'little red dot' galaxies are 1,000 times larger than they should be, and astronomers don't know why
India's space agency completes 1st Gaganyaan astronaut crew capsule
After our Sun becomes a white dwarf and cools completely, what will be left?
After our Sun becomes a white dwarf and cools completely, what will be left? Richard LivitskiSeal Beach, California Our Sun will become a white dwarf in about 7 billion years. At that point, it will no longer produce energy through nuclear fusion, having exhausted its fuel (hydrogen and helium). Just like the embers of anContinue reading "After our Sun becomes a white dwarf and cools completely, what will be left?"
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Parade crasher
Josh Dury, taken from the Mendip Hills in Somerset, U.K. The International Space Station sails through the sky in this long exposure, its arc in this long exposure intersecting the ongoing “planet parade” along the ecliptic, including (left to right) Mars, Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn. To view the photographer’s annotated version highlighting the planets, clickContinue reading "Parade crasher"
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'Dune: Part 2' and 'Alien: Romulus' score Oscar nominations, but Denis Villeneuve misses out again
SpaceX launches 21 Starlink satellites to orbit from Florida (photos)
Quantum Milestones, 1923: Photons Are Real
Author(s): David C. Cassidy
Arthur Compton’s results convinced most skeptics that in some experiments, light can act like a stream of particles.
[Physics 18, 18] Published Mon Jan 27, 2025
To decode dark energy, the Rubin Observatory will find millions of exploding vampire stars
A Parade of Planets: This Week in Astronomy with Dave Eicher
In this episode, Dave Eicher invites you to go out and spot the many planets currently in our night sky. You’ll see four of the five planets visible without optical aid. Venus and Saturn are in the west; Jupiter lies overhead; and Mars is in the east. Opportunities to see so many easy-to-spot planets don’tContinue reading "A Parade of Planets: This Week in Astronomy with Dave Eicher"
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'Alien: Earth's new teaser trailer shows us the Xenomorph's arrival
Boom Supersonic's next-generation XB-1 passenger plane 1 step away from breaking the sound barrier
NASA's new supersonic X-59 jet hits the afterburner (photos)
Astronauts on NASA’s Artemis mission to the Moon will need better boots — here’s why
The U.S.’s return to the Moon with NASA’s Artemis program will not be a mere stroll in the park. Instead it will be a perilous journey to a lunar location representing one of the most extreme environments in the solar system. For the Artemis program astronauts, walking on the Moon will require new ways ofContinue reading "Astronauts on NASA’s Artemis mission to the Moon will need better boots — here’s why"
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Why Comet G3 (ATLAS) will be 'remembered as the Great Comet of 2025' (photos)
'Invincible' Season 3: Release date, plot, and everything we know
Trump wants US to pursue 'manifest destiny' in space. What could that mean?
'Star Trek: Section 31' has a huge surprise celebrity cameo at the end
Earth is bombarded with rocks from space — but who gets to keep these ultimate antiques?
US military practices rescuing astronauts from the sea (photos)
Partial solar eclipse September 2025: Everything you need to know about the 'solstice' solar eclipse
What are boson stars — and what do they have to do with dark matter?
Mysterious Mars mounds may bolster case for ancient Red Planet ocean
This Week In Space podcast: Episode 145 —We're 'Star Bound' with a guide to America's space program
Invisible 'flickering' on the sun could predict potentially dangerous solar flares hours in advance
NASA wants to launch rockets into northern lights to study 'black auroras'
Electric spacecraft propulsion may soon take a leap, thanks to new supercomputer
Could we travel to parallel universes?
What is Section 31? The 'Star Trek' spy organization explained
Green hydrogen project threatens pristine Paranal skies in Chile
A proposed massive hydrogen-fuel production project in Chile has astronomers galvanized in concern and opposition. One astronomer calls the possible Chilean facility a “nightmare” for the Paranal Observatory’s dark skies. One study has found that Paranal, located in Chile’s Atacama Desert, has the darkest skies of any major astronomical research site. That would change ifContinue reading "Green hydrogen project threatens pristine Paranal skies in Chile"
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Scientists discover exoplanet with supersonic winds — the fastest in the known universe
Solar scope
Chris Cook from Long Beach, California The McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope stands beneath a dark, moonless sky at Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona. The photographer took 90 one-minute exposures with a Canon DSLR at f/2.8 and ISO 2500.
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NASA administrator steps down, urges continuity under new leadership
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson stepped down on Monday, Jan. 20, after President Donald Trump was inaugurated, and the departing space agency chief had some words of advice for his replacement. In a letter addressed to the next NASA administrator — who, if Trump’s nomination is confirmed, will be Shift4 CEO and SpaceX ally Jared Isaacman — NelsonContinue reading "NASA administrator steps down, urges continuity under new leadership"
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Blue Origin to simulate moon gravity on Jan. 28 New Shepard suborbital launch
Chinese rocket booster falls to Earth, explodes near home (video)
Watch 'planetary parade' online for free on Jan. 25
Blue Ghost moon lander sees Earth as a 'blue marble' from orbit (photo)
Thinking of Buying a Telescope? Here's Our Advice
Total lunar eclipse September 2025: When and where to see the 'Blood Moon' lunar eclipse
The 1st monster black hole ever imaged has messy eating habits
Machine Learning Predicts Liquid–Gas Transition
Author(s): Mark Buchanan
Conventional theory has trouble predicting the conditions that will cause a liquid to boil, but a neural-network-based approach performs better.
[Physics 18, 17] Published Fri Jan 24, 2025
Astronomers find the most distant supernova yet
Last week at the 245th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in National Harbor, Maryland, astronomers presented some of their most recent and exciting finds from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). One such discovery was the identification of the most distant so-called core-collapse supernova ever confirmed. These explosions mark the end of life for massiveContinue reading "Astronomers find the most distant supernova yet"
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3 years of James Webb Space Telescope data on alien worlds now available online
Volcanic cones on Mars tell a tale of ice and fire
See the planet parade for under $70 with this beginner friendly, super-portable Celestron telescope deal
Save 23% on Lego City Modular Space Station, one of our favorite Lego space sets
Earth's recent asteroid visitor might've been a piece of the moon
The Sky This Week from January 24 to 31: The Moon mingles with Antares
Friday, January 24The Moon passes 0.3° south of the bright red giant star Antares at 7 P.M. EST. However, the pair isn’t visible this evening, as they’ll rise in the early-morning sky, so we’ll feature them tomorrow. Tonight, we’ll focus instead on Mars. The Red Planet recently reached opposition and is still visible essentially allContinue reading "The Sky This Week from January 24 to 31: The Moon mingles with Antares"
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SpaceX launches 23 Starlink satellites on 11th Falcon 9 rocket of 2025 (video)
NASA honors fallen astronauts with 'Day of Remembrance' ceremony
Growing up and going out: Beyond the cradle (op-ed)
'Star Wars: Episode I: Jedi Power Battles' continues to be the most fascinating 'The Phantom Menace' tie-in video game
Quantum Refrigerator Keeps Qubits Cool
Author(s): Susan Curtis
Physicists have demonstrated a quantum machine that could reduce errors in quantum computers by ensuring that the qubits they use remain in their initial state before a calculation starts.
[Physics 18, 16] Published Thu Jan 23, 2025
Robotic Vacuum Cleaner for Microplastics
Author(s): Katherine Wright
Seong Jim Kim and Myoung-Woon Moon of the Korea Institute of Science and Technology have developed a device that can “vacuum” up tiny pieces of plastic floating on the surface of a body of water.
[Physics 18, 6] Published Thu Jan 23, 2025
How to watch 'Star Trek: Section 31': Stream the new spy movie online and from anywhere
Trump orders interim NASA chief to end DEI initiatives
Where to watch 'Blade Runner 2049': Free streaming as sci-fi movie lands on BBC iPlayer
Bumpy Particles Take One Step to Become Glass
Author(s): Rachel Berkowitz
Roughing up the surfaces of particles in a colloidal system can smooth its transition into a glassy state.
[Physics 18, s11] Published Thu Jan 23, 2025
A young star may soon disappear: Inside the great dimming of T Tauri
Could planets orbiting red dwarfs host life?
A nearby star that may host a planet or two could provide a clue about whether planets orbiting the smallest stars can survive the bullying of their suns. In a press conference last week at the 245th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, Scott Wolk of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory presented his findings on WolfContinue reading "Could planets orbiting red dwarfs host life?"
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Hubble Space Telescope reveals richest view of Andromeda galaxy to date (image)
400 rocket landings! SpaceX notches reuse milestone
Cozy up with new astronomy products this month
Deeper look Imm Astrophotography SeriesOnalaska, TX The 750 Best Deep Sky Objects (Reachable From the Northern Hemisphere) by amateur astronomer Gary Imm is a precise visual guide to deep-sky objects, complete with rankings and images for every target. This 88-page reference gives readers a detailed list of where the targets are in the Northern HemisphereContinue reading "Cozy up with new astronomy products this month"
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New 'Mickey 17' trailer gives us a deeper look at Robert Pattinson's upcoming sci-fi dark comedy romp
Trillions of comets discovered orbiting alien planet systems (image)
Aurora alert: Incoming solar storms could spark northern lights as far south as New York and Idaho tonight
10 best camera gifts for astrophotography and videography 2025
Astronomers watch monster black hole spit out a light-year-long jet
'Star Trek: Section 31' review: It isn't classic 'Trek', but the Paramount+ exclusive offers some flashy fun
Chinese commercial Ceres-1 rocket launches 5 weather satellites to orbit (video)
Strange 'quasi-moon' of Earth gets named Cardea, after goddess of door hinges
All aglow
Huang Dandan, taken from Yulong Latso, Gangzi, Sichuan Province, China The Milky Way, zodiacal light, and airglow are all visible in this all-sky mosaic, capturing the glow of phenomena on planetary, solar system, and galactic scales. The photographer used an astromodified Sony mirrorless camera and 11mm fisheye lens to capture this mosaic, taking 20-second exposuresContinue reading "All aglow"
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Astrophotographer captures a 'Great Dragon' in the Pelican Nebula (photo)
Quantum Milestones, 1905: Einstein and the Photoelectric Effect
Author(s): Jennifer Ouellette
In one of his annus mirabilis papers, Einstein explained the photoelectric effect by considering light as a stream of energy quanta—which were later called photons.
[Physics 18, 15] Published Wed Jan 22, 2025
Marvel's flagship 'Star Wars' comic series relaunching into the New Republic era in May
Astronomers just deleted an asteroid because it turned out to be Elon Musk’s Tesla Roadster
On Jan. 2, the Minor Planet Center at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, announced the discovery of an unusual asteroid, designated 2018 CN41. First identified and submitted by a citizen scientist, the object’s orbit was notable: It came less than 150,000 miles (240,000 km) from Earth, closer than the orbit of theContinue reading "Astronomers just deleted an asteroid because it turned out to be Elon Musk’s Tesla Roadster"
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Watch Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost moon lander witness an eclipse from space (video)
Chinese astronauts install debris shields on Tiangong space station during 8.5-hour spacewalk (video)
Noise Becomes a Quantum Ally
Author(s): Ryan Wilkinson
Noise is typically detrimental to quantum effects, but simulations suggest that it can boost entanglement under certain conditions.
[Physics 18, s5] Published Wed Jan 22, 2025
Europe plans to launch advanced Mars lander in 2035
Beam me to the stars: Scientists propose wild new interstellar travel tech
Want a Telescope for Christmas? Here's What You Need to Know
SMILE! Europe and China move toward 2026 launch of space weather mission
‘The Other Moonshot:’ New podcast centers on unsung black heroes of the space race (trailer)
Partial solar eclipse March 2025: Everything you need to know
Hubble tension is now in our cosmic backyard, sending cosmology into crisis
Save nearly $75 on these all-purpose Celestron Nature DX ED 8x42
Earth's elusive 'ignorosphere' could shed new light on auroras
Finland becomes 53rd country to join the Artemis Accords for moon exploration
How Having Extra Chromosome Sets Shapes Evolution
Author(s): Sachin Rawat
Researchers predict that having extra sets of chromosomes can both speed up and slow down the evolution of an organism, depending on the organism’s “fitness landscape.”
[Physics 18, 14] Published Tue Jan 21, 2025
Bill Nelson steps down as NASA chief as Trump begins 2nd term
Topological Order Intrinsic to Mixed Quantum States
Author(s): Kohei Kawabata
Three theoretical studies have uncovered novel types of topological order inherent in open quantum systems, enriching our understanding of quantum phases of matter.
[Physics 18, 9] Published Tue Jan 21, 2025
'Silo' creator Graham Yost talks season 2's cliffhanger ending and how it sets up season 3 (Exclusive)
Watch (and hear!) a meteorite impact on doorbell camera video in a world 1st
Monster Shocks Could Explain Radio Bursts
Author(s): Michael Schirber
Powerful shock waves around magnetized neutron stars may be the source of mysterious radio bursts that are observed across the sky.
[Physics 18, s13] Published Tue Jan 21, 2025
The best Disney-era Star Wars spaceships
Vortex Solo R/T 8x36 monocular
Rocket Lab selected to launch more hypersonic test vehicles for US military
Venus meets Saturn: This Week in Astronomy with Dave Eicher
In this episode, Dave Eicher invites you to go out and watch a close pairing of two naked-eye planets: Venus and Saturn. The two will be in the southwestern evening sky, and will be closest during the week of January 19. Each night, brilliant Venus and much less bright (but still easy to see) Saturn will be a bit more than 3Continue reading "Venus meets Saturn: This Week in Astronomy with Dave Eicher"
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When you wish upon a star, is it already dead? An astronomer crunches the numbers
First look at space shuttle, Mission Control 2025 dollar coins from US Mint
Save up to 35% on a range of Black Series Force FX lightsabers
UK approves 1st vertical rocket launch from Saxavord Spaceport
SpaceX launches 21 Starlink satellites to orbit on 1st flight since Starship explosion (video)
Hubble Telescope spies newborn stars in famous Orion Nebula (photo)
'We will pursue our manifest destiny into the stars.' President Trump wants astronauts to raise the American flag on Mars
DC's new 'Superman Unlimited' comic lands prior to James Gunn's 'Superman' movie
Does a comet’s period change because it loses mass every time it nears the Sun?
Do the periods of comets decrease because they lose mass every time they get near the Sun? Robert BaileyConover, Wisconsin Great question! Assuming you’re referring specifically to the orbital period — in other words, how long comets take to make one revolution around the Sun, or a cometary “year” — according to basic physics, the periodContinue reading "Does a comet’s period change because it loses mass every time it nears the Sun?"
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Scientists call on UN to help solve Earth's space junk problem
Monocular vs binocular: Which is best for stargazing
'Heavy' dark matter would rip our understanding of the universe apart, new research suggests
3D structure of iconic Ring Nebula gives 'a brand new view of an old astronomical friend'
How President Trump could change NASA
'Silo' Season 2's explosive finale teases season 3 with a cliffhanger and a Pez dispenser
'Predator: Hunting Grounds' is the perfect template for another modern-day Predator movie
Gravitational waves offer a 'cosmic DNA test' for black holes
Fire and ice
Chris Schur, taken from Payson, Arizona Comet C/2024 G3 (ATLAS) lies above a mountain ridge in this shot taken before sunrise on Jan. 11, with particulate matter from forest fires giving the sky a reddish hue. The imager used a 3.2-inch refractor and a one-shot color camera to take a 0.1-second exposure.
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منحنی غباری فراتر از چارچوبهای آشنا
در حدود ۱۳ میلیارد سال پیش، کهکشانهایی در جهان وجود داشتند که هنوز از نظر ساختار به کهکشان راه شیری شباهت پیدا نکردهبودند. اما چگونه میتوان از راز این کهکشانهای باستانی پرده برداشت؟ سرعت شکلگیری ستارگان در این کهکشانها تا چه اندازه بودهاست و چه مسیر تکاملیای را طی کردهاند؟
نور این کهکشانها، پس از سفری طولانی و بینظیر به ما رسیدهاست. در این مسیر، غبار کیهانی۱، متشکل از ذرات بسیار ریز کربن و سیلیکات، نور را پراکنده۲ میکند و باعث کاهش شدت آن میشود. این موضوعیست که مطالعهی کهکشانهای اولیه را دشوارتر میکند. غبار کیهانی علاوه بر جذب کردن نور آن را تغییر هم میدهد. برای مثال، نور فرابنفش۳، بیشتر از طولموجهای بلندتر پراکنده میشود. این ویژگی باعث میشود که کهکشانها قرمزتر و کمنورتر از چیزی که هستند به نظر برسند. تصویری جدید از ستونهای آفرینش۴، توسط تلسکوپ فضایی جیمز وب، این تغییرات را به وضوح نشان میدهد (شکل ۱).
شکل ۱: تلسکوپ فضایی هابل ستونهای آفرینش را در سال ۱۹۹۵ رصد کرد. در سال ۲۰۱۴، هابل این صحنه را دوباره بازبینی کرد و تصویری واضحتر و گستردهتر در نور مرئی ارائه داد (سمت چپ). همان تصویر از دید تلسکوپ فضایی جیمز وب (سمت راست).
برای درک بهتر این تغییرات و اصلاح این اعوجاجات نوری، اخترشناسان از ابزارهایی به نام منحنیهای جذبی غبار۵ استفاده میکنند. این منحنیها تاثیر غبار بر روی نور در طولموجهای مختلف را نشان میدهد؛ یعنی چه مقدار از نور در هر طولموج پراکنده یا جذب میشود. برای مثال، منحنی غبار کهکشان راه شیری دارای برآمدگی خاصی در طول موج ۲۱۷۵ آنگستروم است که ناشی از ذرات ریز کربنی در غبار است. از سوی دیگر، این برآمدگی در منحنی غبار ابر ماژلانی کوچک ۶ وجود ندارد و در طول موج فرابنفش، شیب بیشتری نشان میدهد. این تفاوتها، تصادفی نیستند و اطلاعات ارزشمندی درباره ترکیب و توزیع ذرات غبار در کهکشانهای مختلف به ما میدهند.
اما نکتهی مهم این است که بیشتر منحنیهای غباری که در اختیار داریم، برای کهکشانهای نزدیکتر مانند راه شیری یا ابر ماژلانی کوچک طراحی شدهاند. آیا همین منطق و منحنیهای جذبی برای کهکشانهایی که میلیاردها سال پیش وجود داشتهاند نیز صادق است؟
این پرسش رایان سندرز و تیم او را بر آن داشت که کهکشان GOODSN-17940 را مورد مطالعه قراردهند، کهکشانی ستارهفشان۷ که در انتقال به سرخ ۴/۴۱ قرار دارد. این کهکشان که تنها ۱/۳۶ میلیارد سال پس از مهبانگ ۸ وجود داشته، فرصتی بینظیر برای مطالعهی رفتار غبار در گذشتهی دور را فراهم میکند.
این تیم با استفاده از ابزار طیفسنجی فروسرخ نزدیک تلسکوپ فضایی جیمز وب، ۱۱ خط نشری هیدروژن ۹ از Hα تا H12 را بررسی کردند. این خطوط مانند فانوسهای دریایی عمل میکنند؛ شدت نور آنها نشان میدهد که چه مقدار نور در هر طول موج توسط غبار جذب شدهاست. با مقایسهی روشنایی مشاهدهشده از این خطوط، آنها توانستند منحنی جذبی دقیقی برای کهکشان GOODSN-17940 ترسیم کنند.
شکل ۲: طیف کهکشان GOODSN-17940 ، که خطوط بالمر هیدروژن را نشان میدهد. این خطوط طیفی به برآورد شرایط غبار و یونش کهکشان کمک میکنند.
منحنی جذبی رصد شده از GOODSN-17940 متفاوت از آنچه انتظار میرفت ظاهر شدهاست. در ناحیهی فروسرخ۱۱، این منحنی شیب بسیار بیشتری نسبت به منحنیهای راه شیری یا ابر ماژلانی کوچک دارد. این موضوع احتمالاً به دلیل کوچکتر بودن یا توزیع متفاوت ذرات غبار در این کهکشان است. اما در قسمت فرابنفش طیف، این منحنی مسطحتر است و جذب کمتری نسبت به مدلهای کلاسیک نشان میدهد. همچنین هیچگونه برآمدگی در ۲۱۷۵ آنگستروم دیده نمیشود. این یافتهها نشان میدهد که غبار این کهکشان به دلیل سن بسیار کم جمعیت ستارهای و محیط فعال ستارهزا در آن، ویژگیهای منحصر به فردی دارد. شکل ۳ این نتایج را نشان میدهد. محور عمودی بیانگر این است که نور در هر طولموج، چند برابر بیشتر از مقدار آن در طولموج ۹۵۵۰ آنگستروم توسط غبار جذب یا پراکنده میشود. به عنوان مثال، مقدار عددی ۲ در این نمودار به این معنی است که نور در آن طول موج دو برابر بیشتر از نور در طولموج ۹۵۵۰ آنگستروم تضعیف شدهاست.
اما اهمیت این منحنی جذبی جدید در چیست؟ این منحنی در تخمین پارامترهای مهمی چون نرخ شکلگیری ستارگان۱۲، نقش کلیدی دارد. به طور مثال اگر از منحنی غبار کهکشان راه شیری برای کهکشانی مانند GOODSN-17940 استفاده کنید، نرخ شکلگیری ستارگان را تا ۵۰٪ کمتر برآورد خواهید کرد! این اشتباه، میتواند درک ما از ساختار و تحول کهکشانها را به طور کلی تغییر دهد.
تلسکوپ فضایی جیمز وب، با قابلیتهای خود، به تیم سندرز این امکان را داد که این کهکشان دوردست را مطالعه کرده و بتوانند پیچیدگی غبار را در زمانی حدود ۱۰٪ از عمر کنونی جهان، بررسی کنند. این یافتهها به ما کمک میکند تا جهان اولیه را با دقتی بیسابقه مطالعه کنیم و به درک بهتری از تکامل کهکشانها برسیم.
شکل ۳: منحنی جذبی غبار کهکشان GOODSN-17940 (خط قرمز پیوسته) در انتقال به سرخ (z=4.41)، که در این مطالعه به دست آمدهاست. این منحنی با منحنیهای شناختهشدهای چون منحنی جذبی غبار کهکشان راه شیری ( خط سبز خطچین)، ابر ماژلانی کوچک ( خط آبی کمرنگ نقطهچین)، و یا مدلهای Calzetti (خط آبی نقطه-خط) و Reddy در انتقال به سرخ حدود ۲ (z∼۲: خط بنفش پیوسته) مقایسه شده است. منحنی این کهکشان در ناحیهی فروسرخ نزدیک دارای شیب بیشتر و در ناحیهی فرابنفش مسطحتر از سایر نمودارها است، که این نشاندهندهی ویژگی منحصربهفرد غبار در این کهکشان است.
۱. Cosmic Dust
۲. Scattered
۳. Ultra-Violet
۴. Pillars of Creation
۵. Dust Attenuation Curve
۶. Small Magellanic Cloud
۷. Starburst Galaxy، کهکشانهایی هستند که ستارهزایی بسیار زیادی دارند.
۸. Big Bang
۹. Hydrogen Emission Lines
۱۰. Post-Starburst Galaxies
۱۱. Near Infrared
۱۲. Star Formation Rate
شکل بالای صفحه: دو تصویر از ستونهای آفرینش، ناحیهای ستارهزا، مقایسهی تصاویر تلسکوپهای هابل و جیمز وب. منبع: ناسا و آژانس فضایی اروپا (ایسا).
عنوان اصلی مقاله: The AURORA Survey: The Nebular Attenuation Curve of a Galaxy at z=4.41 from Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Wavelengths
نویسندگان: .Ryan L. Sanders et al
لینک اصلی مقاله: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2408.05273
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Humans will soon be able to mine on the moon. But should we? 4 questions to consider
What should I look for in a monocular for stargazing?
A total solar eclipse may have ended Egypt’s 4th dynasty
Astronomy can often give us clues to the past that are otherwise lost to history. In one case, an Italian astronomer has proposed that a dramatic total solar eclipse triggered a religious crisis in ancient Egypt and led the last pharaoh of the 4th dynasty to abandon the pyramid-building of his ancestors. Related: The greatestContinue reading "A total solar eclipse may have ended Egypt’s 4th dynasty"
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Streamlined Quantum Error Correction
Author(s): Ryan Wilkinson
A new method for fixing errors in quantum computations can be just as accurate as previous approaches while needing fewer resources.
[Physics 18, s3] Published Thu Jan 09, 2025
Food grows better on the moon than on Mars, scientists find
Giant super-Jupiter planets could have very chaotic pasts
Explore the constellation Cassiopeia
Cassiopeia (pronounced kass ee oh pee’ uh) the Queen is one of the first constellations amateur astronomers come to recognize. That’s because its five brightest stars form an asterism that looks like a large letter W. Cassiopeia is observable in the autumn and winter throughout the Northern Hemisphere. It lies opposite the Sun in earlyContinue reading "Explore the constellation Cassiopeia"
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Watch the moon hide the 'Seven Sisters' of the Pleiades star cluster tonight
Once-in-a-160000-year comet G3 ATLAS could shine as bright as Venus next week. Here's what to expect.
The Fantastic Four join 'Marvel Rivals' ahead of their big-screen Marvel Cinematic Universe reboot
Watch Blue Origin launch its 1st New Glenn rocket early Jan. 16 in a free livestream
Satellites watch as LA wildfires burn out of control in California (video)
What time is Blue Origin's 1st New Glenn rocket launch on Jan. 16?
SpaceX to launch Starship megarocket's Flight 7 test mission on Jan. 13
NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab closed due to raging LA fires
The Parker Solar Probe just made its closest ever approach to the Sun
On Dec. 26, NASA’s Parker Solar Probe went where no mission has gone before and came within 3.8 million miles (6 million kilometers) of the Sun’s surface, flying through the solar corona — the Sun’s upper atmosphere. The pass broke its previous record of traveling within 8.1 million miles (13 million km) of the surfaceContinue reading "The Parker Solar Probe just made its closest ever approach to the Sun"
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Starmus comes to America
In the world of science and entertainment, there’s nothing like Starmus. Founded by astronomer Garik Israelian and his close friend astronomer and guitarist Brian May, founding member of Queen, the festival periodically presents a celebration of what we know about the cosmos like no other event. On April 1–2, 2025, Starmus — the word comingContinue reading "Starmus comes to America"
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Bill Nye 'The Science Guy' awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom
Fracture Energy of Soft Lattices
Author(s): Marric Stephens
The energy required to fracture a lattice material obeys a scaling law governed by just three parameters, researchers find.
[Physics 18, s1] Published Wed Jan 08, 2025
Space Force's secretive X-37B space plane soars past 1 year in orbit
'Star Wars: Skeleton Crew' episode 7 is a bittersweet return to At Attin
Venus and the moon light up the night sky in gorgeous photos from around the world
'Dark photons' at Big Bang's cosmic dawn could shine a light on dark matter
Building blocks of life on Earth left the Milky Way before being pulled back in
SpaceX launches 21 new Starlink satellites from Florida
NASA decision on Mars Sample Return reboot slides to 2026
NASA has set a goal to return rock and soil samples from the surface of Mars in the 2030s. The mission would represent the first time scientific samples from another planet have been returned to Earth. But the space agency said it needs another year to determine how to do it. NASA Administrator Bill NelsonContinue reading "NASA decision on Mars Sample Return reboot slides to 2026"
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Watch India attempt its 1st space docking between satellites live this week after delays
NASA won't decide on overhaul for Mars Sample Return mission until mid-2026
Scientists find 'spooky' quantum entanglement on incredibly tiny scales — within individual protons
How NASA and Sierra Space are preparing for Dream Chaser space plane's 1st flight to ISS
Antiferromagnet Magnetized with Light
Author(s): Katherine Wright
Researchers show they can magnetize an antiferromagnet using terahertz light, switching the state on a million times faster than is possible for other magnetic states.
[Physics 18, 3] Published Tue Jan 07, 2025
Diamonds in the sky
Vikas Chander from New Dehli, India Barnard’s Loop, the Pleiades (M45), and the California Nebula (NGC 1499) are just some of the deep-sky objects aglow with ionized hydrogen in the sky over an abandoned washing plant at a diamond mine in the Sperrgebiet (“forbidden territory”) of southwestern Namibia. Th photographer used an astromodified Sony mirrorlessContinue reading "Diamonds in the sky"
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SpaceX launch of private Blue Ghost moon lander set for Jan. 15
'Helldivers' game series is getting a movie — would you like to know more?
Big 'dark comet' discoveries could be coming in 2025
ISS astronaut captures green auroras dancing over city lights (video)
Improved Training for Energy-Saving Neural Nets
Author(s): David Ehrenstein
A new training technique could increase the number of physical systems that could serve as AI platforms.
[Physics 18, s6] Published Tue Jan 07, 2025
The 'original' John Glenn gave his 'go' for Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket
Boldly boost your bartending skills with 'Star Trek Cocktails: A Stellar Compendium'
James Webb Space Telescope spots record-breaking collection of stars in far-flung galaxy
Blue Origin to launch its 1st New Glenn rocket on Jan. 10
India delays 1st space docking of SpaDeX satellites, 'further validation' needed
Blue Ghost Mission 1 will send the first U.S. lander to Mare Crisium
Near the Moon’s eastern limb lies Mare Crisium — the Sea of Crises — a low basalt plain embayed by rugged mountains. Carved by a colossal impact some 3.9 billion years ago, the 460-mile-wide (740 kilometers) mare appears largely flat and featureless. But lingering whispers of a volcanic past are everywhere, from its ubiquitous darknessContinue reading "Blue Ghost Mission 1 will send the first U.S. lander to Mare Crisium"
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Springtime on Mars brings frost avalanches, gas geysers and explosions (photos)
Pluto may have ‘kissed’ Charon to capture it
New research suggests that Pluto may have acquired its most massive moon, Charon, through an ancient grazing impact, which the science team refers to as a “kiss and capture”. The study uses computer models to suggest a possible new method by which large bodies in the Kuiper Belt could come into orbit of one another.Continue reading "Pluto may have ‘kissed’ Charon to capture it"
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US Space Force broke its launch record in 2024 with 93 liftoffs
Where is the solar system heading?
Earth spins as it orbits the Sun, and the solar system is orbiting the galactic center. So, if I go outside and look up, in what direction are we heading? Dale PetersonOak View, California When you gaze up at the constellation Hercules, you are looking out the front window of the spacecraft called Earth. Our planetContinue reading "Where is the solar system heading?"
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BluShift Aerospace hopes to launch 1st suborbital rocket from Maine in 2025
SpaceX's Starship Flight 7 test flight will deploy simulated Starlink satellites for 1st time
How Pluto captured its largest moon Charon with a 10-hour icy 'kiss'
Astronomers have pinpointed the origin of mysterious repeating radio bursts from space
Drilling into Neutron Stars with Computers
Author(s): Paul Romatschke
Simulations of neutron stars provide new bounds on their properties, such as their internal pressure and their maximum mass.
[Physics 18, 1] Published Mon Jan 06, 2025
Open cluster M35: This Week in Astronomy with Dave Eicher
In this episode, Dave Eicher invites you to observe the open star cluster M35, which lies at the feet of the constellation Gemini the Twins. It’s easy to spot even through binoculars, and it makes a great sight through a telescope. Also, you’ll spot another open cluster nearby, NGC 2158, which is smaller and fainter,Continue reading "Open cluster M35: This Week in Astronomy with Dave Eicher"
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Does Planet Nine exist?
Growing up, I was taught that there were nine planets in the solar system. That all changed in 2006, when the International Astronomical Union voted to demote Pluto’s status to that of dwarf planet. But now, there is a chance that within the next year or two, the solar system could once again be gracedContinue reading "Does Planet Nine exist?"
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Dark Energy Camera captures thousands of galaxies in stunning image
SpaceX launches 1st Starlink satellites of 2025 (video, photos)
Desert planets like those in 'Dune' and 'Star Wars' unlikely to host life, NASA says
This Week In Space podcast: Episode 142 —2025 in Space
'Silo' Season 2, 'The Book of Quinn': Juliette suffers, Walker snitches, and Lukas decodes Quinn's letter
Peter Parker battles a rogue alien hunter in Marvel's 'Predator vs. Spider-Man'
Small satellite constellation could reveal black holes like never before
NASA will announce update to Mars sample return plans today. Here's how to listen in
What I learned from a black hole in Los Angeles
Blue Origin is expected to launch its 1st New Glenn rocket next week, but when?
Ancient volcanic ash on Mars could offer new clues in search for extraterrestrial life
A dancing horse
Michael Telesco, taken from Peña Trevinca, Spain This previously unnoticed reflection nebula in Perseus was found by Michael Telesco. Inspired by discoveries of objects by astrophotographers like Julian Shapiro and Bray Falls, he says he did some “extensive survey deep-diving” and found a bright mid-infrared region that had been identified by the Infrared Astronomical SatelliteContinue reading "A dancing horse"
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'Silo' Season 2: Steve Zahn sees his enigmatic character Solo as a 'curious, delightful kid' (exclusive)
The middle-aged Moon had a magnetic field
New results from China’s Chang’e 5 mission suggest that the Moon possessed a magnetic field well into its midlife, much longer than previously documented. In work published Jan. 1 in Science Advances, researchers report rocks recovered from the sample-return mission that are weakly magnetized — and just 2 billion years old. While not conclusive, the resultsContinue reading "The middle-aged Moon had a magnetic field"
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Sun erupts with powerful X1.2 solar flare, causes radio blackouts (photo)
Brighter X Rays from Ultralight Silver Material
Author(s): Mark Buchanan
Shooting a laser pulse at a porous silver target generates more intense x rays than previous targets, which will help studies of matter in extreme conditions.
[Physics 18, 2] Published Fri Jan 03, 2025
SpaceX launches 1st Falcon 9 rocket of 2025, sends Thuraya 4 communications satellite to orbit (video)
Could the Seestar S50 be your first imaging telescope?
You and I are living through a revolution in amateur astronomy. Not long ago, I would have advised beginners to stay away from astroimaging, because getting good results is both expensive and time consuming. Not anymore. Today, I tell them that state-of-the-art smart telescopes are available at comparatively reasonable prices that let tech-savvy neophytes getContinue reading "Could the Seestar S50 be your first imaging telescope?"
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Rare string of 'cosmic pearls' dance together in the universe
Supercharged auroras possible this weekend as colossal 'hole' in the sun spews solar wind toward Earth
The awkward job of the NASA administrator
Leaders of NASA sit in an awkward position. While they are the head of a widely recognized organization, they’re often not the most famous individual in the agency. More people probably know the names of Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams, the astronauts currently “stranded” on the International Space Station, than Bill Nelson, the current NASAContinue reading "The awkward job of the NASA administrator"
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Can NASA's troubled Mars Sample Return mission be saved?
The Sky This Week from January 3 to 10: Earth’s closest approach to the Sun
Friday, January 3Asteroid 14 Irene reaches opposition at 2 A.M. EST within northwestern Gemini the Twins. The magnitude 9.6 main-belt world is visible roughly all night, from sunset until sunrise, located roughly halfway between the stars Tau (τ) and Epsilon (ε) Geminorum. Irene was the 14th asteroid discovered in the main belt, spotted by JohnContinue reading "The Sky This Week from January 3 to 10: Earth’s closest approach to the Sun"
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Dead stars can celebrate 2 New Years every second with nearby cosmic fireworks
NASA's Parker Solar Probe beams home 1st detailed update after record-breaking approach to the sun
Strap on a VR headset like a Facehugger with 'Alien: Rogue Incursion' — the 1st-ever 'Alien' VR game
Newly uncovered oxygen reaction could aid the search for alien life
Space debris crash in Kenya village believed to be from leftover rocket hardware
Some black holes at the centers of galaxies have a buddy − but detecting these binary pairs isn’t easy
Fall 2024 was Earth's warmest autumn ever
Spin–Orbit-Coupled Electrons May Form Superconducting Pairs
Author(s): Charles Day
A previously neglected spin–orbit-coupling effect could be strong enough to engender unconventional superconductivity in certain materials.
[Physics 18, s2] Published Thu Jan 02, 2025
The Quadrantid meteor shower peaks tonight! Don't miss the 1st 'shooting stars' of 2025
James Webb telescope uncovers massive 'grand design' spiral galaxy in the early universe — and scientists can't explain how it got so big, so fast
'Star Wars: Skeleton Crew' episode 6: The crew and their spaceship reveal their true selves
Black holes can squash star formation, James Webb Space Telescope finds
When everything in the universe changed
For millions of years following the Big Bang, after the universe’s roiling soup of particles had cooled, the cosmos was a dark and boring place. There were no stars to make light. No familiar swirls of galaxies. Certainly no planets. And the entire universe was shrouded in neutral hydrogen gas. Then, perhaps 100 million yearsContinue reading "When everything in the universe changed"
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